Why do so many children with Marfan syndrome have refractive errors?
A refractive error is an aberration in the visual system in the focusing power of the eye. See? It's an error in coordination of the first lens, the cornea, or the lens inside your eye, and the retina, so there are certain distances between the cornea and the back of your eye and the braking power of these different components.
屈折異常とは、眼の焦点を合わせる能力に関わる視覚系で、異常が生じることです。角膜、水晶体、網膜の調整が上手くできていないのです。角膜と後眼部には一定の距離があり、これらの異なる部位には屈折力があります。
If you look at an object in the far distance, at the horizon, you have to get it into focus on your retina, so first your cornea will make the beams that come from far, far away focus and break to a major extent and then your own lens will focus it a little more and do the fine-tuning that it comes into focus on your retina which is just a couple two centimeters and a half or, put it exactly, you know, 24 millimeters long, so from the tip of your eye, from the front of your eye, to the retina, you have two and a half centimeters and you can get an object from infinity into focus on your retina or people who sit in front of you, you can focus on them or you can focus on what you are reading, so it's a magical stop ticking system that helps you get this into focus.
遠くのものを見る場合、網膜に焦点を合わせなければなりません。まず、角膜が遠くからやってくる光線を捉え、大部分を屈折させます。その後、水晶体がそれらに精密な調整を行い、網膜で焦点が合うようにします。眼の先端から網膜までは24mmほどあります。はるか遠くのものや目の前に座っている人、読んでいる本に焦点を合わせることができるのですから、魔法のようなメカニズムになっているのです。
And aberration in this focusing power is our refractive errors, so the cornea may be too flat or may not be round and then you get astigmatism, or the lens may be dislocated and may have aberrations. Usually when it dislocates, it rounds off and creates myopia or nearsightedness or the eye may be too long and the structures that you have in your eye do not manage to focus light that comes from far away or images onto your retina.
この焦点を合わせる能力に以上が生じるのが屈折異常です。角膜が平坦になりすぎたり、丸みがなかったりすると乱視になります。水晶体が外れていても異常が起きます。通常、水晶体がずれると丸みを帯び、近視になります。眼球が長くなることもあるので、そうなると網膜に焦点を合わせることが難しくなります。
So there is three components to this refraction: the cornea power, so the top part, the power inside your eye, which is the lens, and the length of your eye. So, they are all interdependent and you just have to then work out what is right for a given patient to get an image into focus.
ですから、屈折には角膜、水晶体、眼球の長さが関わっており、これらは連携していますので、患者さんに応じ焦点が合うような最適な治療を行います。
The Marfan Foundation did not participate in the translation of these materials and does not in any way endorse them. If you are interested in this topic, please refer to our website, Marfan.org, for materials approved by our Professional Advisory Board.
The Marfan Foundationは、当翻訳には関与しておらず、翻訳内容に関してはいかなる承認も行っておりません。このトピックに興味をお持ちの方は、Marfan.orgにアクセスし、当協会の専門家から成る諮問委員会が承認した内容をご参照ください。
